Low-Till or No-Till practices increase soil organic matter, water absorption, and carbon sequestration.

Cover Crops in the fall/winter and Crop Rotation increase soil biological activity (earthworms, others) and increases soil’s porosity/absorption.

Limiting excess nutrients through rates of timing and fertilizer and manure applications.

Grass Waterways prevent gully formation.

Saturated Buffers include a control box and perpendicular length of perforated pipe to divert drainage water into the buffer to intercept and slow runoff, reducing erosion and removing nitrate from drainage water.

Bioreactors are excavated pits filled with woodchips with tile drainage flowing through the woodchips. As water from the tile line passes into the bioreactor, denitrifying bacteria in the chips converts nitrate contained in the wile water into harmless nitrogen gas.

Water and Sediment Control Basins-berms built across drainageways to prevent gullies and trap sediment. A temporary pond forms after heavy rains, but is designed to drain quickly to prevent crop damage.

Prairie Strips act as buffers for runoff in fields, slowing velocity and filtering most of the water before it enters a waterway.

Constructed Wetlands are designed to capture nutrients, control flooding, and create wildlife habitat.